Nephrology News
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hammar |
Publié le 23-07-2010 12:00
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bonjour
peritoneal dialysis
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a treatment for patients with severe chronic kidney failure. The process uses the patient's peritoneum in the abdomen as a membrane across which fluids and dissolved substances (electrolytes, urea, glucose, albumin and other small molecules) are exchanged from the blood. Fluid is introduced through a permanent tube in the abdomen and flushed out either every night while the patient sleeps (automatic peritoneal dialysis) or via regular exchanges throughout the day (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis). PD is used as an alternative to hemodialysis though it is far less common. It has comparable risks and expenses, with the primary advantage being the ability to undertake treatment without visiting a medical facility. The primary complication with PD is a risk of infection due to the presence of a permanent tube in the abdomen.
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Edité par hammar le 23-07-2010 12:03
Chi-dentiste |
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hammar |
Publié le 23-07-2010 12:07
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Fructose May Increase Blood Pressure
A new study found increased rates of borderline high blood pressure amongst people who consumed at least 74 grams of fructose a day - about four soda's worth.
Fructose is found naturally in fruit and table sugar and also in high-fructose corn syrup, a corn-based product often used to sweeten processed foods, juices and sodas.
"There is no question that fructose itself appears to have effects that other sugars don't have," Dr. Michel Chonchol of the University of Colorado Denver, who worked on the study
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hammar |
Publié le 23-07-2010 12:13
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Taking Control of Your Diabetes: Life Of Your Diabetic Kidneys
University of California Television provides informational, educational, and enrichment television programming to the public and draws upon the vast intellectual, scientific, and creative talents of the University of California.
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hammar |
Publié le 23-07-2010 13:01
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Risk factors for chronic kidney disease in persons with kidney stones: Case-control study in Olmsted County, Minnesota
Background
Kidney stones are associated with an increased risk for chronic kidney disease but risk factors in the general community are poorly defined.
Study Design
A nested case-control study was performed among Olmsted County, Minnesota residents who presented with a kidney stone at the Mayo Clinic between 1980 and 1994 to contrast kidney stone patients who developed chronic kidney disease to a group who did not.
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hammar |
Publié le 23-07-2010 13:12
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Pregnancy and the Kidney
Nephrologists are frequently called on to diagnose and treat renal disorders in pregnant women. In this review, we update recent literature pertinent to pregnancy and renal disease. We initially begin by describing the application of common clinical estimators of GFR and proteinuria in pregnancy and then summarize recent studies regarding pregnancy in women with chronic kidney disease and the latest information on the use of common renal medications in pregnancy. In the final section, we describe advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and the potential clinical implications of these discoveries for screening, prevention, and treatment of preeclampsi
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hammar |
Publié le 28-07-2010 00:16
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Renal complications and scleroderma renal crisis
Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) occurs in 5–10% of SSc patients, who may present with an abrupt onset of hypertension, acute renal failure, headaches, fevers, malaise, hypertensive retinopathy, encephalopathy and pulmonary oedema. Patients at greatest risk of developing SRC are those with diffuse cutaneous or rapidly progressive forms of SSc, and treatment with a recently commenced high dose of corticosteroid. Laboratory tests may demonstrate hypercreatinaemia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA), thrombocytopaenia and hyperreninaemia. Renal crisis is also linked to a positive ANA speckled pattern, antibodies to RNA polymerase I and II, and an absence of anti-centromere antibodies. Early, aggressive treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors has improved prognosis in SRC, although 40% of the patients may require dialysis, and mortality at 5 yrs is 30–40%. Median time to recovery is 1 yr, and typically occurs within 3 yrs. Prognosis is worse for males, but may not be related to corticosteroid use, presence of MAHA or severity of renal pathology. Modification of endothelin over-activity, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of SRC, may offer a future therapeutic approach.
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hammar |
Publié le 28-07-2010 00:30
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Heparin and the péritonial membrane
An original article in this issue of Peritoneal Dialysis International describes a rodent model of peritoneal dialysate exposure in which the effect of chronic heparin administration is evaluated (1). Schilte and colleagues use a daily infusion of 3.86% glucose conventional peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluid through a tunneled catheter over 5 weeks. They identify a number of changes that developed in the peritoneal tissue in response to chronic exposure to peritoneal dialysate. Peritoneal fluid was supplemented with unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and a control group was treated with dialysis fluid only. Of note, the addition of heparin did not appear to ameliorate the damage induced by peritoneal fluid exposure.
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hammar |
Publié le 22-08-2010 23:11
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bonsoir:
Immunologists Develop Method To Decrease Rejections Of Kidney Transplants:
A nephrologist has found that a specialized type of anti-rejection therapy using intravenous immunoglobulin can make kidney transplants possible for patients with high 'anti-donor' antibodies. 25 to 30 percent of patients on the kidney transplant list could benefit from this therapy. Tissue compatibility issues exist with any organ transplant, but the risk is greatly increased for those with high exposure to antigens received through blood transfusions, previous transplantation, or even pregnancy.
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hammar |
Publié le 22-08-2010 23:14
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bonsoir
Pregnancy And Birth: Safe For Women With Kidney Transplants:
Women who have had a kidney transplant and have good kidney function can get pregnant and give birth without jeopardizing their health or the health of their transplant. Having children does not affect patients' kidney function or their life-span compared with transplanted women who do not have children, according to a matching cohort study appearing in an upcoming issue of the Journal of the American Society Nephrology (JASN).
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